Strontium ranelate promotes chondrogenesis through inhibition of the Wnt/?-catenin pathway

Abstract Background Cartilage regeneration is a key step in functional reconstruction for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) but difficult issue to address. Strontium ranelate (SrR) an antiosteoporosis drug that has been proven affect OA recent years, its effect on chondrogenesis and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. Methods Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were induced chondrogenic differentiation medium with or without SrR, XAV-939, LiCl. CCK-8 assays used examine cell proliferation, alcian blue staining, toluidine immunofluorescence, PCR analysis performed. Western blot (WB) analyses assess of cells. For vivo study, 30 male SD cartilage defects both femoral condyles used. The defect sites not filled, filled silica nanosphere plus gelatine-methacryloyl (GelMA), SrR-loaded GelMA. After 3 months healing, paraffin sections made, safranin O/fast green immunofluorescent immunohistochemical staining performed histological evaluation. data analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software. Results Low concentrations SrR did inhibit treated (0.25 mmol/L) showed stronger than control. inhibitor ?-catenin, significantly promoted chondrogenesis, suppress this effect, while LiCl, agonist strongly suppressed reversed inhibitory effect. In study better lower activation level ?-catenin GelMA other treatments. Conclusion could promote BMSCs inhibiting Wnt/?-catenin signaling pathway accelerate rat condyle defects.